Pinpointing the Culprits:

Moisture Overload: With its inherent dampness, the bathroom is a haven for mold and mildew. Over time, these fungi manifest as dark stains.

Ventilation Woes: A poorly ventilated bathroom becomes a moisture trap, intensifying mold and mildew proliferation.

Hard Water Woes: Waters rich in minerals like calcium and magnesium can spawn mineral residues. These residues amass at the toilet’s base, further darkening that circle.

Strategies for a Spotless Toilet Base:

Specialized Cleaners: Kickstart with a dedicated bathroom cleaner or a bleach-water concoction. Drench the blackened zone, let it be for some moments, scrub softly with a toilet brush or sponge, and wash off. Reapply if needed.